Altyn-Emel National Park: A Full List of Birds

There are about 300 species of birds in the Altyn-Emel National Park, 40 of them are rare (marked with an asterisk). 33 rare species are included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan, 19 - in the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

In 2002, Kazakhstan launched the "Main Bird Areas of Kazakhstan" program, and the Altyn-Emel National Park became one of such areas.

There are some bird species here that meet the criteria of this program. First of all, these are globally endangered species (Red List of IUCN):

1	Dalmatian Pelican* - Pelecanus crispus
2	Ferruginous Duck* - Aythya nyroca
3	Pallas' Sea Eagle* - Haliaeetus leucoryphus
4	Pale Harrier* - Cyrcus macrourus
5	Lesser Kestrel* - Falco naumanni
6	Bustard* - Otis tarda
7	Black-tailed Godwit* - Limosa limosa
8	Stifftail* - Oxyura leucocephala
9	Red-footed Falcon* - Falco vespertinus
10	Sociable Lapwing* - Chettusia gregaria
11	Eastern Stock Dove* - Columba eversmanni
12	Imperial Eagle* - Aquila heliaca
13	Houbara Bustard* - Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii
14	Little Bustard* - Otis tetrax
15	Roller* - Coracias garrulus
16	Corn Crake* - Crex crex
17	Egyptian vulture* - Neophron percnopterus
18	Black Vulture* - Aegypius monachus
19	Saker Falcon* - Falco cherrug

The said ornithological program also includes the species belonging to the biome "Eurasian deserts and semi-deserts" (houbara bustard, greater sand plover, Pallas's sandgrouse, eastern stock dove, white-winged woodpecker, Syke's warbler, desert warbler, Turkestan tit, saxaul sparrow, desert finch, red-headed bunting) and the biome "Iran-Turanian Mountains" (large rock nuthatch, Stewart's bunting and gray-necked bunting). All these species are found in Altyn-Emel.

Two thirds of all bird species in the national park are nesting. Such a large number is caused by the landscape diversity - from wetlands, deserts and steppes to foothills and alpine meadows. That makes Altyn-Emel an attractive place for ornithologists and birdwatchers.

Abbreviations:

RBK - Red Book of Kazakhstan

IUCN - International Union for Conservation of Nature

Birds of the Ili River Delta

The richest species composition of the avifauna is in the delta of the Ili river. For half a century after the filling of the Kapchagai reservoir, a complex of wetlands was formed here, ideal for nesting of many species of birds.

1	Little Dabchick - Tachybaptus ruficollis capensis	Migrant
2	Black-necked Grebe - Podiceps nigricollis	Nesting is rare
3	Great-crested Grebe - Podiceps cristatus	Nesting
4	Great White Pelican* - Pelecanus onocrotalus	Migrant	RBK
5	Dalmatian Pelican* - Pelecanus crispus	Migrant	RBK, IUCN
6	Southern Cormorant - Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis	Nesting
7	Eurasian Bittern - Botaurus stellaris	Nesting
8	Little Bittern - Ixobrychus minutus	Nesting
9	Night Heron - Nycticorax nycticorax	Migrant
10	Great White Egret - Egretta alba	Nesting
11	Grey Heron - Ardea cinerea	Nesting
12	Greylag Goose - Anser anser	Nesting is probable
13	Shelduck - Tadorna tadorna	Migrant
14	Mallard Duck - Anas platyrhynchos	Nesting
15	Shoveler - Anas clypeata	Nesting
16	Rufous-crested Duck - Netta rufina	Nesting
17	Ferruginous Duck* - Aythya nyroca	Nesting	RBK, IUCN
18	Marsh Harrier - Circus aeruginosus	Nesting
19	Gray Crane* - Grus grus	Nesting	RBK
20	Water Rail - Rallus aquaticus	Nesting
21	Little Crake - Porzana parva	Nesting is probable
22	Marsh Crake - Porzana pusilla	Nesting is probable
23	Gallinule - Gallinula chloropus	Nesting is probable
24	Coot - Fulica atra	Nesting, casual
25	Kentish Plover - Charadrius alexandrinus	Migrant
26	Courser - Himantopus himantopus	Nesting
27	Avocet - Recurvirostra avosetta	Migrant
28	Oystercatcher - Haematopus ostralegus	Migrant
29	Sandpiper - Tringa ochropus	Migrant
30	Redshank - Tringa totanus	Nesting
31	Red-necked Phalarope - Phalaropus lobatus	Migrant
32	Collared Pratincole - Glareola pratinсola	Migrant
33	Black-headed Gull - Larus ridibundus	Nesting
34	Caspian Gull - Larus cachinnans	Nesting
35	Black Tern - Chlidonias niger	Nesting
36	Gull-billed Tern - Gelochelidon nilotica	Nesting
37	Little Tern - Sterna albifrons	Migrant
38	Common Tern - Sterna hirundo	Nesting
39	Common Cuckoo - Cuculus canorus	Nesting
40	Black-headed Wagtail - Motacilla feldegg	Nesting
41	Yellow-headed Wagtail - Motacilla citreola	Nesting
42	Cetti's Warbler - Cettia cetti	Nesting
43	Savi's Warbler - Locustella luscinioides	Nesting is probable
44	Paddyfield Warbler - Acrocephalus agricola	Nesting
45	Reed Warbler - Acrocephalus scirpaceus	Migrant
46	Great Reed Warbler - Acrocephalus arundinaceus	Nesting
47	Blue-throated Warbler - Luscinia svecica	Nesting is probable
48	Bearded Tit - Panurus biarmicus	Nesting is probable
49	Reed Bunting - Emberiza schoeniclus	Nesting
50	Great Black-headed Gull - Larus ichthyaetus	Migrant
51	Terek Sandpiper - Xenus cinereus	Migrant
52	Marsh Sandpiper - Tringa stagnatilis	Migrant
53	Pallas' Sea Eagle* - Haliaeetus leucoryphus	Migrant	RBK, IUCN
54	Booted Eagle* - Hieraaetus pennatus	Nesting is probable	RBK
55	Gadwall - Anas strepera	Nesting
56	Garganey Teal - Anas querquedula	Nesting
57	Common Pochard - Aythya ferina	Nesting is probable
58	Osprey* - Pandion haliaetus	Nesting, before	RBK
59	Montagu's Harrier - Circus pygargus	Nesting is probable

Great White Egret - Egretta alba. A common bird in the floodplain of the Ili river. Nests in reed areas.

Dalmatian Pelican* - Pelecanus crispus. Included in the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Like Great White Pelican* (Pelecanus onocrotalus), appears regularly in the delta of the Ili river in summer. Both species are listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Ferruginous Duck* - Aythya nyroca. A rare nesting species of lakes in the Ili river delta. In recent decades, the number has been low.

Yellow-headed Wagtail - Motacilla citreola. It is observed in large numbers during the spring migration from March to May. Nests in small numbers in the meadows of the Ili river delta. The subspecies of birds are not entirely clear. Both Motacilla citreola citreola and Motacilla citreola werae are observed during migration. During nesting, there are birds with a transitional color between Motacilla citreola citreola and Motacilla citreola quassatrix.

Caspian Gull - Larus cachinnans. A common species of the Kapchagai reservoir coast, where it can be encountered all year round, since some of the birds remain for wintering. In the delta, it nests on sandy islands.

Eurasian Bittern - Botaurus stellaris. Nests in the reed floodplain meadows of the Ili river delta; in some years it winters.

Migratory Birds

The migration routes of many species pass over the territory of the Altyn-Emel National Park, and many birds stop here for feeding.

60	Mute Swan - Cygnus olor	Migrant, nesting
61	Whooper Swan* - Cygnus cygnus	Migrant	RBK
62	Green-winged Teal - Anas crecca	Migrant
63	Goldeneye - Bucephala clangula	Migrant
64	Goosander - Mergus merganser	Migrant, nesting
65	Smew - Mergellus albellus	Migrant
66	Hen-Harrier - Cyrcus cyaneus	Migrant
67	Pale Harrier* - Cyrcus macrourus	Migrant	IUCN
68	Goshawk - Accipiter gentilis	Migrant
69	Sparrow-Hawk - Accipiter nisus	Migrant, nesting
70	Roughleg - Buteo lagopus	Migrant, wintering
71	Common Buzzard - Buteo buteo	Migrant
72	Steppe Eagle* - Aquila nipalensis orientalis	Migrant	RBK
73	Peregrine Falcon* - Falco peregrinus	Migrant	RBK
74	Pigeon Hawk - Falco columbarius	Migrant
75	Lesser Kestrel* - Falco naumanni	Migrant, nesting	IUCN
76	Demoiselle* - Anthropoides virgo	Migrant, nesting	RBK
77	Great Bustard* - Otis tarda	Migrant	RBK, IUCN
78	Lesser Golden Plover - Pluvialis fulva	Migrant
79	Greenshank - Tringa nebularia	Migrant
80	Spotted Redshank - Tringa erythropus	Migrant
81	Ruff - Phylomachus pugnax	Migrant
82	Little Stint - Calidris minuta	Migrant
83	Temminck's Stint - Calidris temminckii	Migrant
84	Black-bellied Sandpiper - Calidris alpina	Migrant
85	Curlew Sandpiper - Calidris ferruginea	Migrant
86	Solitary Snipe - Gallinago solitaria	Migrant
87	Eurasian Curlew - Numenius arquata	Migrant
88	Black-tailed Godwit* - Limosa limosa	Migrant	IUCN
89	Common Gull - Larus canus	Migrant
90	Caspian Tern - Hydroprogne caspia	Migrant
91	Marsh Owl - Asio flammeus	Migrant
92	Wryneck - Jynx torquilla	Migrant
93	Yellow Wagtail - Motacilla flava	Migrant
94	White Wagtail - Motacilla alba	Migrant
95	Great Grey Shrike - Lanius excubitor pallidirostris	Migrant, wintering
96	Hooded Crow - Corvus cornix sharpii	Migrant, wintering
97	Black-throated Accentor - Prunella atrogularis	Migrant, wintering
98	Blyth's Reed Warbler - Acrocephalus dumetorum	Nesting is probable
99	Booted Warbler - Hippolais caligata	Migrant
100	Lesser Whitethroat - Sylvia curruca	Migrant
101	Chiffchaff - Phylloscopus collybita tristis	Migrant
102	Spotted Flycatcher - Muscicapa striata neumanni	Migrant
103	Rufous-backed Redstart - Phoenicurus erythronotus	Migrant
104	Robin - Erithacus rubecula	Migrant
105	Black-throated Thrush - Turdus atrogularis	Migrant, wintering
106	Fieldfare - Turdus pilaris	Migrant, wintering
107	Chaffinch - Fringilla coelebs	Migrant, wintering
108	Bramble Finch - Fringilla montifringilla	Migrant, wintering
109	Goldfinch - Carduelis carduelis major	Migrant, wintering
110	Redpoll - Acanthis flammea	Migrant, wintering
111	Red-mantled Rosefinch - Caprodacus rhodochlamys	Migrant, wintering
112	Hawfinch - Coccothraustes coccothraustes	Migrant, wintering
113	Pine Bunting - Emberiza leucocephala	Migrant, wintering
114	Ortolan Bunting - Emberiza hortulana	Migrant
115	Mountain Finch - Leucosticte nemoricola altaica	Nesting is probable
116	Eurasian Twite - Acanthis flavirostris kirghizorum	Wintering, accidental
117	Siskin - Spinus spinus	Migrant, wintering
118	Treecreeper - Certhia familiaris tianschanica	Migrant, wintering
119	Wallcreeper - Tichodroma muraria	Nesting is probable
120	Common Penduline Tit - Remiz pendulinus	Migrant, wintering
121	Long-tailed Titmouse - Aegithalos caudatus	Nesting is probable
122	Blue-capped Redstart - Phoenicurus caeruleocephalus	Nesting is probable
123	Painted Tit-Warbler - Leptopoecile sophiae	Nesting is probable
124	Gold-crested Wren - Regulus regulus tristis	Migrant
125	Alpine Accentor - Prunella collaris	Nesting is probable
126	Waxwing - Bombycilla garrulus	Migrant, wintering
127	European Red-backed Shrike - Lanius collurio	Migrant
128	Isabelline Shrike - Lanius isabellinus	Migrant
129	Sand Martin - Riparia riparia	Migrant
130	Stock Dove - Columba oenas	Migrant, wintering
131	White-winged Tern - Chlidonias leucopterus	Migrant
132	Turnstone - Arenaria interpres	Migrant
133	Greater Spotted Eagle - Aquila clanga	Migrant
134	Upland Buzzard - Buteo hemilasius	Migrant, wintering
135	Honey Buzzard - Pernis apivorus	Migrant
136	Crested Honey Buzzard - Pernis ptilorhynchus	Migrant
137	Scoter* - Melanitta fusca	Migrant	RBK
138	Oldsquaw - Clangula hyemalis	Migrant
139	Bean Goose - Anser fabalis	Migrant
140	Jack Snipe - Lymnocryptes minimus	Migrant
141	Black-throated Loon - Gavia arctica	Migrant
142	Horned Grebe - Podiceps auritus	Migrant
143	Red-necked Grebe - Podiceps grisegena	Migrant
144	Wigeon - Anas рenelope	Migrant
145	Pintail - Anas acuta	Migrant
146	Tufted Duck - Aythya fuligula	Migrant
147	Stifftail* - Oxyura leucocephala	Migrant	RBK, IUCN
148	Red-footed Falcon* - Falco vespertinus	Migrant	IUCN
149	Sociable Lapwing* - Chettusia gregaria	Migrant	RBK, IUCN
150	Wood Sandpiper - Tringa glareola	Migrant
151	Blue-cheeked Bee Eater - Merops superciliosus	Migrant
152	Meadow Pipit - Anthus pratensis	Migrant
153	Long-tailed Rosefinch - Uragus sibiricus	Migrant, wintering
154	Blue Whistling Thrush - Myophonus caeruleus	Migrant
155	Daurian Jackdaw - Corvus dauuricus	Migrant, wintering
156	Eastern Rock Pigeon - Columba rupestris turkestanica	Migrant
157	Eurasian Spoonbill* - Platalea leucorodia	Migrant	RBK
158	Black Lark - Melanocorypha yeltoniensis	Migrant, wintering
159	Black-headed Penduline Tit - Remiz macronyx	Migrant
160	Yellow Hammer - Emberiza citrinella	Migrant, wintering
161	Glaucous Gull - Larus hyperboreus	Migrant
162	White-tailed Lapwing - Vanellochettusia leucura	Migrant

Demoiselle* - Anthropoides virgo. In the spring, flocks of demoiselles, returning from India, cross the territory of the national park from the coast of the Kapchagai reservoir to the north and northeast to the mountains of Dzhungarian Alatau, and then end up in the valleys of Dzhungaria in China. Nesting is known on the left bank of the Ili river and along the northern foothills of the Sholak mountains. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Whooper Swan* - Cygnus cygnus. A transient species. On the Kapchagai polynyas, flocks of whooper swans stay until severe frosts, after which they fly to the Issyk-Kul Lake in Kyrgyzstan for their usual wintering. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Peregrine Falcon* - Falco peregrinus. A rare wintering species. From September to April, it can be found in the area of the delta and the coast of the Kapchagai reservoir, where wintering ducks are concentrated. Peregrine falcons arriving for wintering belong to the northernsubspecies, Falco peregrinus calidus. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Great Bustard* - Otis tarda. In the first half of the 20th century, the species nested along the spurs of the Dzhungarian Alatau mountains, overlooking the Ili valley. For many decades, the number of bustards was very low. But recently, there has been a positive trend, and birds began to be found during the breeding season and during wintering near the boundaries of the park. The places where the bustard may appear in the coming years are the foothill valleys of the northern slope of the Sholak and Altyn-Emel ridges. On the left bank of the Ili river, bustards also began to be observed regularly. Included in the Red Book of Kazakhstan and the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Jack Snipe - Lymnocryptes minimus. It is found in flooded meadows near the delta of the Ili river during spring and autumn migration. During this period, it is also found on the coast of the Kapchagai reservoir. Perhaps, it winters here as it does on the southern coast of Kapchagai.

Black-throated Thrush - Turdus atrogularis. A numerous wintering and migratory species. The first birds appear in September, the last ones disappear in May. It keeps in flocks, mainly in places with thickets of oxycarpous elaeagnus (dzhida) and Ili barberry.

Red-mantled Rosefinch - Caprodacus rhodochlamys. It nests in the high-mountainous part of the Altyn-Emel and Kaindytau ridges, in the thickets of juniper elfin wood at altitudes over 2000 m. In winter, birds descend to the lower mountain belts and to the floodplain of the Ili river.

Eurasian Spoonbill* - Platalea leucorodia. Nests on the southern coast of the Kapchagai reservoir. Occasionally it is observed in the Ili river delta, where it may nest irregularly. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Birds of the Tugai and Turanga Forests

The floodplain of the Ili river within the Altyn-Emel National Park is famous for its relict riparian forests, with impassable thickets in some places. The main tree species, turanga (Asiatic poplar) and oxycarpous elaeagnus, provide shelter for some species of birds.

163	Ruddy Shelduck - Tadorna ferruginea	Nesting
164	Black Kite - Milvus migrans lineatus	Nesting
165	Little Banded Goshawk - Accipiter badius cenchroides	Nesting
166	White-tailed Eagle* - Haliaeetus albicilla	Nesting	RBK
167	Mongolian Pheasant - Phasianus colchicus mongolicus	Nesting, casual
168	Eastern Stock Dove* - Columba eversmanni	Nesting	RBK, IUCN
169	Turtle Dove - Streptopelia turtur	Nesting
170	Kingfisher - Alcedo atthis	Nesting
171	Hoopoe - Upupa epops	Nesting
172	White-winged Woodpecker - Dendrocopos leucopterus leptorhynchus	Nesting
173	Carrion Crow - Corvus corone orientalis	Nesting
174	Syke's Warbler - Hippolais rama	Nesting
175	Common Nightingale - Luscinia megarhynchos hafizi	Nesting
176	Azure Tit - Parus cyaneus	Nesting
177	Turkestan Tit - Parus bokharensis turkestanicus	Nesting
178	Saxaul Sparrow - Passer ammodendri	Nesting
179	Common Kestrel - Falco tinnunculus	Nesting, casual
180	Greenfinch - Chloris chloris turkestanica	Nesting

Mongolian Pheasant - Phasianus colchicus mongolicus. A common sedentary species of the floodplain of the Ili river and thickets of bushes in the foothill valley.

White-tailed Eagle* - Haliaeetus albicilla. A sedentary species of the Ili river floodplain. Known nests are located on old trees of turanga. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Birds of the Ili Plain

The plains of the Ili depression are represented by rocky desert and takyrs, salt marshes and sandy massifs. The ornithological complex of this belt consists of various bird species.

181	Long-legged Buzzard - Buteo rufinus	Nesting, casual
182	Snake Eagle* - Circaetus gallicus	Nesting	RBK
183	Imperial Eagle* - Aquila heliaca	Nesting is probable	RBK, IUCN
184	Houbara Bustard* - Chlamydotis undulata macqueenii	Nesting	RBK, IUCN
185	Stone Curlew - Вurhinus oedicnemus	Nesting
186	Greater Sand Plover - Сharadrius leschenaultii	Nesting
187	Black-bellied Sandgrouse* - Pterocles orientalis	Nesting	RBK
188	Pallas's Sandgrouse* - Syrrhaptes paradoxus	Nesting	RBK
189	Rock Pigeon - Columba livia	Nesting
190	Collared Turtle Dove - Streptopelia decaocto	Nesting
191	Senegal Turtle Dove - Streptopelia senegalensis	Nesting
192	Little Owl - Athene noctua	Nesting
193	Barn Swallow - Hirundo rustica	Nesting
194	Crested Lark - Galerida cristata iwanowi	Nesting
195	Short-toed Lark - Calandrella brachydactyla	Nesting
196	Grey Lark - Сalandrella rufescens heinei	Nesting
197	Eastern Short-toed Lark - Calandrella cheleensis	Nesting, before
198	Eastern Calandra Lark - Melanocorypha bimaculata	Nesting
199	Tawny Pipit - Anthus campestris griseus	Nesting
200	Masked Wagtail - Motacilla personata	Nesting
201	Turkestan Shrike - Lanius phoenicuroides	Nesting
202	Oriole - Oriolus oriolus	Nesting
203	Starling - Sturnus vulgaris	Nesting
204	Myna - Acridotheres tristis	Nesting
205	Desert Warbler - Sylvia nana	Nesting
206	Desert Wheatear - Oenanthe deserti	Nesting
207	Isabelline Wheatear - Oenanthe isabellina	Nesting
208	Rufous Bush Robin - Cercotrichas galactotes familiaris	Nesting is probable
209	Common Redstart - Phoenicurus phoenicurus	Nesting
210	Great Titmouse - Parus major	Nesting
211	House Sparrow - Passer domesticus	Nesting
212	Tree Sparrow - Passer montanus	Nesting
213	Gray-headed Goldfinch - Carduelis caniceps	Nesting
214	Desert Bullfinch - Rhodospiza obsoleta	Nesting
215	Desert Shrike - Lanius pallidirostris	Nesting
216	Black-headed Shrike - Lanius schach	Nesting
217	Brown-necked Raven - Corvus ruficollis	Nesting
218	Richard's Pipit - Anthus richardi richardi	Nesting is probable
219	Red-rumped Swallow - Hirundo daurica rufula	Nesting

Pallas's Sandgrouse* - Syrrhaptes paradoxus. A typical nesting bird of the Altyn-Emel flat desert. In the hot season, it visits watering places. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Black-bellied Sandgrouse* - Pterocles orientalis. Relative to Pallas's sandgrouse, it is a common nesting species in the desert. Prefers foothill plains, but needs constant watering places and, in the absence of springs, flies to the Ili river or Kapchagai. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Greater Sand Plover - Charadrius leschenaultii. A rare nesting species. Nesting was noted along the rubble trails of the Sholak mountains below the mouth of the Kyzylauyz gorge, in the vicinity of the Matai post and in cheegrass thickets in the Konyrolen valley. The nest is arranged on bare ground in a small hole; eggs and hatched chicks, thanks to the protective coloration, are difficult to notice.

Desert Shrike - Lanius pallidirostris. A typical representative of the Altyn-Emel desert fauna. Nests in sparse saxaul bushes of the Ili valley from the Aydarly village in the eastern part of the national park to the Singing Dune.

Birds of the Foothills

In the foothills, where the moisture level is higher and there are vast meadows, other species nest.

220	Gray Partridge - Perdix perdix arenicola	Nesting, casual
221	Bearded Partridge - Perdix dauuricae	Nesting, accidental
222	Quail - Coturnix coturnix	Nesting
223	Little Bustard* - Otis tetrax	Nesting, before	RBK, IUCN
224	Little Ringed Plover - Сharadrius dubius	Nesting, casual
225	Lapwing - Vanellus vanellus	Nesting, casual
226	Snipe - Gallinago gallinago	Nesting
227	Wood Pigeon - Columba palumbus casiotis	Nesting is probable
228	Long Eared Owl - Asio otus	Nesting is probable
229	Roller* - Coracias garrulus	Nesting	IUCN
230	Common Bee-Eater - Merops apiaster	Nesting
231	Pale Sand Martin - Riparia diluta	Nesting
232	Calandra Lark - Melanocorypha calandra	Nesting
233	Eurasian Sky Lark - Alauda arvensis almasyi	Nesting
234	Lesser Grey Shrike - Lanius minor	Nesting
235	Rose-coloured Starling - Sturnus roseus	Nesting
236	Magpie - Pica pica	Nesting
237	Jackdaw - Corvus monedula	Nesting
238	Grasshopper Warbler - Locustella naevia	Nesting
239	Stonechat - Saxicola torquata maura	Nesting
240	Indian House Sparrow - Passer indicus	Nesting
241	Linnet - Acanthis cannabina fringillirostris	Nesting
242	Red-headed Bunting - Emberiza bruniceps	Nesting
243	Corn Bunting - Emberiza calandra buturlini	Migrant, wintering
244	Rook - Corvus frugilegus frugilegus	Nesting
245	Corn Crake* - Crex crex	Nesting is probable	IUCN
246	Spanish Sparrow - Passer hispaniolensis	Nesting
247	Asian Rosy Finch - Leucosticte arctoa	Nesting is probable

Roller* - Coracias garrulus. A rare nesting species of the Konyrolen valley, where it settles in burrows of loess cliffs, also nests in the hollows of old trees of turanga in the floodplain of the Ili river. It is included in the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Bearded Partridge - Perdix dauuricae. A rare sedentary species of foothills.

Rose-coloured Starling - Sturnus roseus. A common nesting species. Arranges rookeries in screes and cracks in rocks, prefers dry slopes.

Birds of the Low Mountains

The lower part of the mountain gorges is a favorite nesting place for many representatives of the avifauna.

248	Black Stork* - Ciconia nigra	Nesting	RBK
249	Egyptian vulture* - Neophron percnopterus	Nesting	RBK, IUCN
250	Black Vulture* - Aegypius monachus	Nesting	IUCN
251	Griffon Vulture - Gyps fulvus	Nesting
252	Saker Falcon* - Falco cherrug	Nesting	RBK, IUCN
253	Hobby Falcon - Falco subbuteo	Nesting
254	Blackcock - Lyrurus tetrix	Nesting
255	Chukar Partridge - Alectoris chukar dzungarica	Nesting, casual
256	Eastern Turtle Dove - Streptopelia orientalis	Nesting
257	Scops Owl - Otus scops	Nesting
258	Eurasian Nightjar - Caprimulgus europaeus	Nesting
259	Horned Lark - Eremophila alpestris brandti	Nesting
260	Tibetan Raven - Corvus corax tibetanus	Nesting
261	Barred Warbler - Sylvia nisoria merzbacheri	Nesting
262	Orphean Warbler - Sylvia hortensis crassirostris	Nesting
263	Whitethroat - Sylvia communis	Nesting
264	Hume's Whitethroat - Sylvia althaea	Nesting is probable
265	Pied Wheatear - Oenanthe pleschanka	Nesting
266	Blackbird - Turdus merula intermedia	Nesting
267	Mistle Thrush - Turdus viscivorus	Nesting
268	Greater Rock Nuthatch - Sitta tephronota	Nesting
269	Rock Sparrow - Petronia petronia	Nesting
270	Mongolian Trumpeter Bullfinch - Bucanetes mongolicus	Nesting
271	Stewart's Bunting - Emberiza stewarti	Nesting
272	Rock Bunting - Emberiza cia	Nesting
273	Siberian Meadow Bunting - Emberiza cioides tarbagataica	Nesting is probable
274	Gray-necked Bunting - Emberiza buchanani	Nesting
275	White-crowned Penduline Tit - Remiz coronatus	Nesting
276	Barbary Falcon* - Falco pelegrinoides	Migrant	RBK

Long-legged Buzzard - Buteo rufinus. A typical nesting species of mountain gorges and flat areas of the national park. In the mountains, it builds nests on rocks, on the plain - on saxaul bushes and turanga trees. Nesting birds of hybrid origin, Buteo rufinus (Long-Legged Buzzard) x Buteo hemilasius (Upland Buzzard) are encountered in the mountains.

Black Stork* - Ciconia nigra. It nests in the Sholak and Kalkan mountain gorges. During migration, in the floodplain of the Ili river, concentrations of several dozen birds are observed. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Black Vulture* - Aegypius monachus. A migrant nesting species. Nesting was found in the Big and Small Kalkan mountains. Included in the Red List of Threatened Species of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Birds of the Mid-Mountains

The next is the mid-mountain belt, which has its own feathered inhabitants.

277	Golden Eagle* - Aquila chrysaetus daphanea	Nesting	RBK
278	Bearded Vulture* - Gypaetus barbatus hemachalanus	Nesting	RBK
279	Common Sandpiper - Actitis hypoleucos	Nesting
280	Eagle Owl* - Bubo bubo	Nesting	RBK
281	Black Swift - Apus apus	Nesting
282	White-bellied Swift - Apus melba	Nesting
283	Rock Swallow - Ptyonoprogne rupestris	Nesting
284	House Martin - Delichon urbica	Nesting
285	Grey Wagtail - Motacilla cinerea melanope	Nesting
286	Common Dipper - Сinclus cinclus	Nesting
287	Sulphur-bellied Warbler - Phylloscopus griseolus	Nesting is probable
288	Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush - Monticola saxatilis	Nesting
289	Blue Rock Thrush - Monticola solitarius	Nesting
290	Common Rosefinch - Carpodacus erythrinus	Nesting

Golden Eagle* - Aquila chrysaetos daphanea. The largest eagle, a common sedentary species of mountain gorges. Builds nests on rocks. Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Eagle Owl* - Bubo bubo. One of the typical sedentary species. It nests in all mountain ranges, in the gorges of both higher ranges, such as Altyn-Emel, Sholak, Degeres and Kaindytau, and low dry ranges (Kalkans, Katutau and Aktau). Listed in the Red Book of Kazakhstan.

Birds of the Highlands

The highlands, represented in the national park by the Altyn-Emel and Kaindytau ridges, are a nesting place for typical mountain representatives of the avifauna.

291	Himalayan Vulture* - Gyps himalayensis	Nesting	RBK
292	Himalayan Snowcock - Tetraogallus himalayensis	Nesting
293	Tree Pipit - Anthus trivialis haringtoni	Nesting is probable
294	Rock Pipit - Anthus spinoletta blakistoni	Nesting is probable
295	Chough - Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax	Nesting
296	Alpine Chough - Pyrrhocorax graculus	Nesting
297	Brown Accentor - Prunella fulvescens	Nesting is probable
298	Greenish Warbler - Phylloscopus trochiloides viridanus	Nesting is probable
299	Hume's Leaf Warbler - Phylloscopus humei	Migrant
300	Common Wheatear - Oenanthe oenanthe	Nesting
301	Black Redstart - Рhoenicurus ochruros	Nesting
302	Guldenstadt's Redstart - Phoenicurus erythrogaster	Migrant
303	Himalayan Rubythroat - Luscinia pectoralis balloni	Nesting
304	Crimson-winged Finch - Rhodopechys sanguinea	Nesting
305	White-winged Grosbeak - Mycerobas carnipes merzbacheri	Nesting is probable
306	Gold-fronted Finch - Serinus pusillus	Nesting
307	Wren - Troglodytes troglodytes tianschanicus	Nesting
308	Great Rosefinch* - Carpodacus rubicilla severtzovi	Nesting is probable	RBK

Note: Some bird species are typical for several landscape zones; therefore, the above classification is, to a certain extent, conditional.